I guess. For me the original insults tend to sound louder than the counter arguments, because it is the Doctor making the first statement and only minor characters who get a chance to rebut. Also the rebutals you cited never get to the true cultural slander, if anything they repeat some of it.
The Caretaker (and a lot of season eight that echoes it, but The Caretaker was kind of the focal point) really left a bad taste in my mouth for this reason. I get why the Doctor can be so deeply tetchy about the military, but I don't think the show handled that respectfully.

Balancing the Doctor's p.o.v. and the show's p.o.v. is I think something crucial to how the show as a whole comes across, and unfortunately something I don't think the writers always manage gracefully. (This is a huge aspect of my problems with Ten's era. Sending the Doctor into a destructive spiral was an interesting writing choice, but I frequently wished the show had done more to distance itself from the Doctor's viewpoint earlier. It ended up feeling like the show itself was condoning some extremely destructive and hypocritical attitudes.